Japan: 'Kung-Twa at Lew-Chew' (Ryukyu Islands), Wilhelm Heine (1827-1885), 1856 (colour litho)

The Ryukyu Kingdom was an independent kingdom that ruled most of the Ryukyu Islands from the 15th to the 19th century. The kings of Ryukyu unified Okinawa Island and extended the kingdom to the Amami Islands in modern-day Kagoshima Prefecture, and the Sakishima Islands near Taiwan. Despite its small size, the kingdom played a central role in the maritime trade networks of medieval East and Southeast Asia. William (Wilhelm) Heine was the official artist of Commodore Matthew C. Perry's' Black Ships' expedition to Japan in 1853-54. On returning to the United States, he produced a series of prints depicting the trip. This project employed the New York lithographic firm of Sarony, at that time probably the most skilled craftsmen in their profession in the United States.